climate
The most important part of the country is determined by the limit of gari kathulistiwa rain chain. It has the character of a tropical climate. Position georafis also make Indonesia become an archipelago of mostly small island surrounded by the sea. It also allows an active air circulation. As a result, the climate was not too different from other areas kathulistiwa other oceans around the world. Abundant rain, temperature and high humidity to the average climatic regions of Indonesia. The average low temperature is 18 degrees Celsius. Furthermore proximity to the continent asia and australia asia krakteristik Indonesian islands provide the alternativ accordance with the seasons. Trade and monsoon winds coming from the Indian and Pacific oceans menyifatkan tropical character.
In Indonesia applies only two weather seasons, dry and wet seasons, also known as the rainy season. In some areas, the rains down from the month of December to March, while the dry season from May to October, with a transitional period characterized by shifting winds and changing weather in the months of March to May and September to November. The transitional period between these two seasons alternation makes the day with full sun and the rain interlude. Even in the middle of the rainy season the temperature ranges from 21 degrees Celsius (70 degrees Fahrenheit) to 33 degrees Celsius (90 degrees Fahrenheit), but the area just above can cooler latitudes. Heaviest rain on record occurred in December and January each year.
Fauna & Flora
FaunaThe
Indonesian archipelago is located to one of the animals spread the
geographical boundaries of the most remarkable in the world, referring
back to the ice age when the floods swept the world. Ice
age, Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan Kan lies in the Sunda plateau and the
plains to merge with the other continents of Asia, while Papua and
Australia lie in separate Sahul the era. Segresi
geographic explain why some ancient fauna species found in Java,
Sumatra and Kalimantan are completely different to those in Papua. Just as well there are some wild animals in Papua yag not found in other areas.The area between the two faults (Maluku, Sulawesi, and the small Sunda islands) has a kind of unique fauna richness. The
bulk of the fauna found in the area not Sulwesi, although just 50 miles
from Borneo to cross the strait makasar, and islands such as Ceram and
Halmahera, which is closest to Papua is largely devoid of fauna. This
is due to the presence of a deep strait between Borneo and Celebes and
Banda Sea it so that the islands were never in touch with each other
during the Ice Age. Scientists
describe this situation fauna into three eras: Wallace (era shift from
south to north through the Straits of Lombok and Makassar, ended up
southeastern Philippines), Weber (age shift and past the sea between
Maluku and Sulawesi) and Lydekker (era shift the waterfront Sahul,
which along the western border of Papua and Australia) - even though
most of them would rather mengkarakteristikkanya area as as?
subtractible transition zone?.Information obtained from the paleontological record stating that the number of species known today ynag less than the past. Extinction
of some species of animals are likely to occur due to the prevalence of
the ecological and evolutionary processes associated with various
factors limit increase sea water, climate change and habitat. For
example, in Java, at least more than 75 species of mammals are known as
fossils, 35 are extinct, 20 are still alive and 20 others died in Java
but still found elsewhere in Asia. The process of extinction of animals on the island of Java in recent years related to human impact on ecosystems.Orangutans (Pongo pygemaeus), found only in Sumatra and Kalimantan, once heavily dependent on the forest habitat of origin. Therefore,
to protect their habitat, Indonesia in collaboration with the World
Wildlife Fund (WWF) has established Project? Orang Utan Rehabilitation? Bahorok
region and Tanjung Puting, particularly in Sumatra and Kalimantan, to
train back ever caught orangutans in order to return to live in the
wild.
FloraIndonesia
lies in the area of plant Melanesia, covering the southern peninsula
Malaysia, the Indonesian archipelago, the Philippines and throughout
Papua New Guinea and the Solomon islands except Papua. Most
of the Melanesian region covered by dense tropical rainforest plants
and fertile, wet land always has a large number of species of trees that
includes epiphytes, saprophytes and lianas. These
characteristics and a large number of genera and species endemic to
this region make the flora of Indonesia is very different from the
neighboring continental Asia and Australia, as well as other tropical
flora from other parts of the world. The
wealth of the Melanesian region represented the major portion of which
Indonesia, drawn from close to 40,000 species of plants, or about 10-12%
of the estimated number of plant species in the world.With
a height of 1000 m, the better development of what is included in the
normal temperature can be seen as the Rosaceae, Lauraceae, fogaceae
etc.. On
the higher ground, found elfin or mossy forest and alpine vegetation,
but comparatively speaking this is significant because most parts of
Indonesia is a land located in the lowlands.As
expected, the flora of Indonesia contains many unique tropical plants,
such as Rafflesia arnoldi, which is only found in certain parts of
Sumatra, including the largest flower in the world; This parasitic plant
grows on plantsspecific but does not produce leaves. From the same area in Sumatra comes another giant, Amorphoplalus titanium, with a huge zoom. Plant-eating insects (nepenthea Spp) has several different species from other parts of western Indonesia. The
myriad of orchids are found in Indonesia is very rich in shapes and
sizes, including the largest of all orchids, the tiger orchid
Grammatophyllum speciosum, until the smallest species and petite
taeniophyllum used locally as food and crafts. Land
in Indonesia is very rich in water allowing fungi to grow lux horsehair
blight, the luminescent species, the sooty mold and black mold.Furthermore, the existing flora makes Indonesia very abundant plants on the wood species. Family
dpterocarp very famous in the world as the primary source of wood
(meranti) as resins and vegetable fat, peanut tengkawang or illipe. Ramin,
valuable timber species for furniture, including ganystylus species,
while the sandal wood, ebony, ironwood and wood palembang taken directly
from the forest. In addition, Indonesia is also known for its teak wood, a product of artificial forest in Java.Looking
at the flora of Indonesia Indonesia is not surprising that people
depend completely from natural resources to support their daily lives. There are an estimated 6000 species of Indonesian plants are directly used by the local community. The
hallmark of the modern era is probably the use of plants as a source of
raw materials of traditional medicine (Jamu) and for the purposes
celebrations, customs and traditions.
The bibliography for image
tommychaniago.wordpress.com
indonesiatop.blogspot.com
saladkusehat.blogspot.com
The bibliography for article
http://galuh289dhe.wordpress.com/tugas-tugas/data-data-ips/materi-geografi/keadaan-alam/
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